Greenhouse, a relatively closed production system, will play an important role in meeting the growing demand for food in the future. In recent years, the shortage of greenhouse lighting is more and more get the attention of people, on the one hand, is due to greenhouse azimuth, structure, cover material characteristics caused by the greenhouse light transmittance drop, on the other hand, is caused by a lack of sunlight greenhouse crops, as a result of climate change, such as a continuous wet weather of winter and early spring season, frequent fog weather, etc. Lack of light directly affects greenhouse crops adversely, causing serious losses to production. These problems can be effectively alleviated or solved by the plant supplementary lighting.
Incandescent lamp, fluorescent lamp, metal halide lamp, high-pressure sodium lamp and new LED lamp have all been used in the greenhouse. Among these types of light sources, high-pressure sodium lamp has high luminous efficiency, long service life, and high comprehensive energy efficiency, and occupies a certain market position. However, problems such as poor lighting persistence, low safety, and non-close irradiation are also prominent. Some scholars hold a positive attitude towards LED lamps in the future or overcoming the problem of insufficient performance of HPS lamps. However, LED is expensive, light supplement technology is difficult to complete, and the view of light supplement is not perfect. In addition, the product specification of LED plant light supplement lamp is confusing, which makes users question the application of LED in plant light supplement. Next, let's look at which led plant lamps and high-pressure sodium lamps are more effective.
Differences Between High-Pressure Sodium Lamp And LED Plant Lamp
Luminescence Principle and External Structure Differences
High-pressure sodium lamp is composed of mercury, sodium, xenon arc tube lamp core, glass shell, anaerobic agent lamp holder and so on. The ballast is divided into inductive high - pressure sodium lamp and electronic high - pressure sodium lamp.
LED, also known as the light-emitting diode, is a chip composed of a P-type semiconductor and N-type semiconductor. There is a transition layer between the P-type semiconductor and N-type semiconductor, which is called p-n junction. As the current flows from the LED anode to the cathode, the semiconductor crystal emits a different color of light from purple to red. The intensity of the light is related to the current. According to luminescence intensity and working current, it can be divided into general brightness (luminescence intensity < 10 MCD), high brightness (luminescence intensity is 10~100 MCD) and ultra-brightness (luminescence intensity > 100 MCD). The structure is divided into four major parts: the structure of the light distribution system, the structure of the heat dissipation system, the driving circuit and the mechanical/protective structure.
Differences In Irradiation Range And Spectral Range
High-pressure sodium lamp bulb light Angle is 360 °, most have to pass a reflector to exposure to the designated area after reflection, the spectral energy distribution is rough as red, orange, yellow-green, light LanZiGuang (account for only a small part).
According to the different distribution of the LED light is designed, the effective light Angle can be roughly divided into 180 ° or less, 180 ° ~ 300 ° and 300 ° or three categories. LED light source has adjustable wavelength and can emit monochromatic light with the narrow light wave, such as infrared, red, orange, yellow, green, blue, etc., which can be combined randomly according to different needs.
Applicable Condition And The Differences of Life
High-pressure sodium lamp is the third generation of lighting source. It has a wide range of conventional alternating current. It has high luminous efficiency and strong penetrability. Sodium lamp is a kind of thermal light source. In the process of use, there is also a self-extinguishing problem.
LED, as the fourth generation of new semiconductor light source, is driven by dc, with a life of more than 50000 hrs and low attenuation. Comparing LED with a high-pressure sodium lamp, it is pointed out that LED is safer, free of harmful elements and more environmentally friendly.
The Difference of Effects of High-Pressure Sodium Lamp And LED Grow Lamp on Crops
A large number of production practices and scientific researches in agricultural production have proved that artificial plant light supplement can not only increase crop yield and shorten planting cycle, but also effectively improve crop quality. In the process of seedling breeding and crop management in the greenhouse, high-voltage sodium lamp and LED are used to supplement light, which can promote the growth and development of crops and change the yield, shape and physiological indexes of crops.
Yield and Quality Differences
High yield and high quality of crops are the ultimate goals of planting and cultivation. LED light supplementation can improve the quality of seedling of pepper, tomato and eggplant, and the single fruit quality and yield of tomato plant increase obviously under the condition of 10 hours of light supplementation. The increased yield of LED light is also shown in cucumber planting. LED can improve the quality of grapefruit, in which the fruit develops the fastest with blue light supplementation treatment, the fruit has a higher single grain quality, the highest sugar content, and the single grain quality is the largest in the mature period of UV-supplementation treatment. Similarly, 70W high-pressure sodium lamp had an obvious effect of increasing yield per plant of strawberry by 17.9%. High - pressure sodium lamp and LED supplementation to have a significant effect on plant morphology. The visual fruit quality of cucumber was also improved by the LED side lighting treatment. Add LED to sodium lamp, compare only sodium lamp treatment, cucumber color more bright-colored.
Morphological Index Difference
Plant morphology index is an important index in the growth process of plants, especially in seedling production, which determines whether the plants can grow healthily after transplantation and cultivation. In general, the growth rate of LED conifer plants is better than that of a high-pressure sodium lamp.
Physiological Difference
The content of chlorophyll directly affects the accumulation of photosynthetic products in leaves. Studies have shown that the chlorophyll content of plants under LED growth is higher than that of a high-pressure sodium lamp. Both LED and hv sodium lamp can improve photosynthetic pigment content. Moreover, the accumulation of photosynthetic pigment is higher than that of hv sodium lamp and the transpiration rate is higher than that of hv sodium lamp. The special spectral proportion of LED can also affect the flowering effect of some plants. In addition, it must be pointed out that chlorophyll content alone cannot positively indicate the effect of light on the photosynthetic capacity of plants, because when plants encounter low light density environment, they will automatically adapt to the weak light stress and accumulate more chlorophyll in the leaves to obtain more light energy.
High-Pressure Sodium Lamp and LED Production Cost Difference
Compared with the traditional light source, high-pressure sodium lamp and LED have obvious advantages. High-pressure sodium lamp and red and blue LED lamp to apply top light to the plant canopy, both of which can achieve the same output, and the LED only needs to consume 75% of energy. It is reported that under the condition of the same energy efficiency, the initial investment cost of LED is 5-10 times that of the high-pressure sodium lamp device, and the initial high cost makes the LED's quantum cost per mole of light within 5 years of using it 2~3 times that of the high-pressure sodium lamp. For flowerbed plants, a 150W high-pressure sodium lamp and a 14W LED can achieve the same effect, compared to a more economical 14W LED. In the 550m2 area, the cost per kg of cucumber is $1.30 for the high-pressure sodium lamp alone, $1.45 for the sodium lamp and single-row LED lamp, $1.72 for the sodium lamp and 2-row LED, and the profit cost ratio is 2.31, 2.07 and 1.74 respectively. The use of LED in the shed room requires a large number of erections, and the one-time input cost is relatively high. For individual vegetable farmers, the investment is relatively difficult. Whether the cost reduction effect generated by LED power saving can fully compensate for its initial investment and subsequent financial costs in its effective lifespan requires careful calculation and measurement.
The most absorbed by green plants are red-orange light with a wavelength of 600~700nm and blue-violet light with a wavelength of 400~500nm. High-pressure sodium lamp and LED can meet the lighting needs of plants. The high-pressure sodium lamp has a moderate price, can be accepted by the broad masses of farmers, the short-term effect ability is better than LED, its matching supplementary light technology has been relatively mature, is still in large-scale use. However, the high-pressure sodium lamp needs to be equipped with ballast and related electrical appliances, which increases its use cost. Compared with high - pressure sodium lamp, LED has a narrow spectral adjustability, high safety, and reliability. LED has flexibility in the application of plant physiological experiments. LED can be widely used in the production of high-quality medicinal crops. Some scholars pointed out that LED technology has great potential in improving the growth of plants.
In fact, the process of planting should be reasonably selected according to the actual situation of cultivation demand, application target, investment capacity and cost control.
Incandescent lamp, fluorescent lamp, metal halide lamp, high-pressure sodium lamp and new LED lamp have all been used in the greenhouse. Among these types of light sources, high-pressure sodium lamp has high luminous efficiency, long service life, and high comprehensive energy efficiency, and occupies a certain market position. However, problems such as poor lighting persistence, low safety, and non-close irradiation are also prominent. Some scholars hold a positive attitude towards LED lamps in the future or overcoming the problem of insufficient performance of HPS lamps. However, LED is expensive, light supplement technology is difficult to complete, and the view of light supplement is not perfect. In addition, the product specification of LED plant light supplement lamp is confusing, which makes users question the application of LED in plant light supplement. Next, let's look at which led plant lamps and high-pressure sodium lamps are more effective.
Differences Between High-Pressure Sodium Lamp And LED Plant Lamp
Luminescence Principle and External Structure Differences
High-pressure sodium lamp is composed of mercury, sodium, xenon arc tube lamp core, glass shell, anaerobic agent lamp holder and so on. The ballast is divided into inductive high - pressure sodium lamp and electronic high - pressure sodium lamp.
LED, also known as the light-emitting diode, is a chip composed of a P-type semiconductor and N-type semiconductor. There is a transition layer between the P-type semiconductor and N-type semiconductor, which is called p-n junction. As the current flows from the LED anode to the cathode, the semiconductor crystal emits a different color of light from purple to red. The intensity of the light is related to the current. According to luminescence intensity and working current, it can be divided into general brightness (luminescence intensity < 10 MCD), high brightness (luminescence intensity is 10~100 MCD) and ultra-brightness (luminescence intensity > 100 MCD). The structure is divided into four major parts: the structure of the light distribution system, the structure of the heat dissipation system, the driving circuit and the mechanical/protective structure.
Differences In Irradiation Range And Spectral Range
High-pressure sodium lamp bulb light Angle is 360 °, most have to pass a reflector to exposure to the designated area after reflection, the spectral energy distribution is rough as red, orange, yellow-green, light LanZiGuang (account for only a small part).
According to the different distribution of the LED light is designed, the effective light Angle can be roughly divided into 180 ° or less, 180 ° ~ 300 ° and 300 ° or three categories. LED light source has adjustable wavelength and can emit monochromatic light with the narrow light wave, such as infrared, red, orange, yellow, green, blue, etc., which can be combined randomly according to different needs.
Applicable Condition And The Differences of Life
High-pressure sodium lamp is the third generation of lighting source. It has a wide range of conventional alternating current. It has high luminous efficiency and strong penetrability. Sodium lamp is a kind of thermal light source. In the process of use, there is also a self-extinguishing problem.
LED, as the fourth generation of new semiconductor light source, is driven by dc, with a life of more than 50000 hrs and low attenuation. Comparing LED with a high-pressure sodium lamp, it is pointed out that LED is safer, free of harmful elements and more environmentally friendly.
The Difference of Effects of High-Pressure Sodium Lamp And LED Grow Lamp on Crops
A large number of production practices and scientific researches in agricultural production have proved that artificial plant light supplement can not only increase crop yield and shorten planting cycle, but also effectively improve crop quality. In the process of seedling breeding and crop management in the greenhouse, high-voltage sodium lamp and LED are used to supplement light, which can promote the growth and development of crops and change the yield, shape and physiological indexes of crops.
Yield and Quality Differences
High yield and high quality of crops are the ultimate goals of planting and cultivation. LED light supplementation can improve the quality of seedling of pepper, tomato and eggplant, and the single fruit quality and yield of tomato plant increase obviously under the condition of 10 hours of light supplementation. The increased yield of LED light is also shown in cucumber planting. LED can improve the quality of grapefruit, in which the fruit develops the fastest with blue light supplementation treatment, the fruit has a higher single grain quality, the highest sugar content, and the single grain quality is the largest in the mature period of UV-supplementation treatment. Similarly, 70W high-pressure sodium lamp had an obvious effect of increasing yield per plant of strawberry by 17.9%. High - pressure sodium lamp and LED supplementation to have a significant effect on plant morphology. The visual fruit quality of cucumber was also improved by the LED side lighting treatment. Add LED to sodium lamp, compare only sodium lamp treatment, cucumber color more bright-colored.
Morphological Index Difference
Plant morphology index is an important index in the growth process of plants, especially in seedling production, which determines whether the plants can grow healthily after transplantation and cultivation. In general, the growth rate of LED conifer plants is better than that of a high-pressure sodium lamp.
Physiological Difference
The content of chlorophyll directly affects the accumulation of photosynthetic products in leaves. Studies have shown that the chlorophyll content of plants under LED growth is higher than that of a high-pressure sodium lamp. Both LED and hv sodium lamp can improve photosynthetic pigment content. Moreover, the accumulation of photosynthetic pigment is higher than that of hv sodium lamp and the transpiration rate is higher than that of hv sodium lamp. The special spectral proportion of LED can also affect the flowering effect of some plants. In addition, it must be pointed out that chlorophyll content alone cannot positively indicate the effect of light on the photosynthetic capacity of plants, because when plants encounter low light density environment, they will automatically adapt to the weak light stress and accumulate more chlorophyll in the leaves to obtain more light energy.
High-Pressure Sodium Lamp and LED Production Cost Difference
Compared with the traditional light source, high-pressure sodium lamp and LED have obvious advantages. High-pressure sodium lamp and red and blue LED lamp to apply top light to the plant canopy, both of which can achieve the same output, and the LED only needs to consume 75% of energy. It is reported that under the condition of the same energy efficiency, the initial investment cost of LED is 5-10 times that of the high-pressure sodium lamp device, and the initial high cost makes the LED's quantum cost per mole of light within 5 years of using it 2~3 times that of the high-pressure sodium lamp. For flowerbed plants, a 150W high-pressure sodium lamp and a 14W LED can achieve the same effect, compared to a more economical 14W LED. In the 550m2 area, the cost per kg of cucumber is $1.30 for the high-pressure sodium lamp alone, $1.45 for the sodium lamp and single-row LED lamp, $1.72 for the sodium lamp and 2-row LED, and the profit cost ratio is 2.31, 2.07 and 1.74 respectively. The use of LED in the shed room requires a large number of erections, and the one-time input cost is relatively high. For individual vegetable farmers, the investment is relatively difficult. Whether the cost reduction effect generated by LED power saving can fully compensate for its initial investment and subsequent financial costs in its effective lifespan requires careful calculation and measurement.
The most absorbed by green plants are red-orange light with a wavelength of 600~700nm and blue-violet light with a wavelength of 400~500nm. High-pressure sodium lamp and LED can meet the lighting needs of plants. The high-pressure sodium lamp has a moderate price, can be accepted by the broad masses of farmers, the short-term effect ability is better than LED, its matching supplementary light technology has been relatively mature, is still in large-scale use. However, the high-pressure sodium lamp needs to be equipped with ballast and related electrical appliances, which increases its use cost. Compared with high - pressure sodium lamp, LED has a narrow spectral adjustability, high safety, and reliability. LED has flexibility in the application of plant physiological experiments. LED can be widely used in the production of high-quality medicinal crops. Some scholars pointed out that LED technology has great potential in improving the growth of plants.
In fact, the process of planting should be reasonably selected according to the actual situation of cultivation demand, application target, investment capacity and cost control.
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